SOLD
40,000.00USD+ buyer's premium + applicable fees & taxes.
This item SOLD at 2017 Oct 21 @ 13:56UTC-7 : PDT/MST
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Indian Peace Medals
“1877” Dated Unique Reverse Type Rutherford B. Hayes Silver Oval Indian Peace Medal with Mint Original Loop The May 1879 U.S. Mint Specimen Presented to Mrs. Hayes
1877-Dated. Rutherford B. Hayes. Indian Peace Medal. Oval. Struck in Silver at the United States Mint, with its Original Loop that was attached at the Mint. Dies by Morgan. Unique Design Type “1877” Date on the upper reverse, NGC Certified as “GENUINE”, Very Choice About Uncirculated.
Julian IP-43. Belden 58. Purcha 30. Oval Design Format, Measuring 60 mm x 76 mm, Struck at the United States Mint in Silver. This Silver Oval Design Type being the Only Specimen Known and with the “1877” date on the upper reverse, with its original Silver Loop that was officially attached at the United States Mint. The Obverse displays: “RUTHERFORD B. HAYES PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES,” his bust facing left. Reverse displays: “PEACE” in an outburst of glory, the central panel with Farmer showing Indian Chief the "benefits of civilization" (Julian). In exergue, “Crossed Pipe and Tomahawk,” MORGAN on exergual line.
Although an official U.S. Mint struck Silver Indian Peace Medal, there were no Silver Medals struck for presentation to Native American Indians. Even though no medals had been ordered by the Indian Office for presentation to the Indians, One Medal was struck in fine Silver. That Silver Medal wasby the U.S. Mint in May of 1879. We believe this is the Unique Silver Oval Rutherford B. Hayes Indian Peace Medal presented to Mrs. Hayes. (Please read the account of this Rutherford B. Hayes Indian Peace Medal, as written by author FRANCIS PAUL PURCHA provided below.) It is of the highest rarity.
This Medal is Accompanied by NGC Photo Certification stating: “1877-DATED J-IP-43, AR, (191g) - HAYES INDIAN PEACE - GENUINE - W/LOOP, MORGAN” (Color Photo Certificate # 1870074-001).
Rutherford B. Hayes Indian Peace Medal By FRANCIS PAUL PURCHA
From the earliest days under the Constitution, the United States, following the practice of the British, French, and Spanish, presented silver medals to American Indian chiefs as a sign of friendship and attachment to the United States. After the use of engraved oval medals for George Washington's administration, the practice became established of striking round medals with a portrait of the president on the obverse and a symbolic message of peace and friendship or of Indian and white cultures on the reverse.
At first three sizes were made, but later the smallest medal was dropped, and for President Grant only one size was produced. The business of finding an artist to design the medal, making arrangements for striking the medals (usually at the United States Mint), and, of course, presenting them to the Indians was in the hands of the War Department and then the Indian Office.
With the medal known as the Rutherford B. Hayes Indian Peace Medal, two significant changes occurred. In the first place, the initiative for the production of the medal came from the Mint, not from the Indian Office. In June 1878, fifteen months after Hayes's inauguration, the Director of the Mint called attention to the custom of striking Peace medals for each president and noted that none had yet been made for Hayes. After some delay, as the suggestion passed through bureaucratic channels, Secretary of the Interior Carl Schurz, who had jurisdiction over the Indian Office, asked the Mint for designs and for an estimate of cost.
The second change was in the shape of the medal - “Oval” instead of round. This change, too, came at the suggestion of the Director of the Mint, who thought that the medals struck up to that time had been "too large and cumbersome" and that new ones ought to be reduced in size.
The Mint had already prepared a bust of Hayes for the Inaugural medal, the work of an assistant engraver at the Mint, George T. Morgan, which was suitable for use also on the Indian peace medal. For the reverse, two designs were forwarded to Schurz. One showed a covered wagon and an Indian encampment on the Plains. The other, eventually chosen by Schulz, was a symbolic presentation of the progress of the Indian toward civilization. At the top was the word PEACE, with rays radiating from the date 1877. In the center a Pioneer Farmer conversed with an Indian in native costume. The farmer held an ax, and in the background appeared a log house, with a woman and baby sitting in front, and in the distance a man plowing. At the bottom was a wreath entwining a crossed Peace pipe and Tomahawk. The reverse, like the bust, was the work of Morgan, and his name appears at the bottom of the scene. Schurz directed that dies be prepared.
The US Mint slowly moved ahead, even though no medals had been ordered by the Indian Office for presentation to the Indians. One medal struck in fine silver, however, was presented to Mrs. Hayes by the Mint in May 1879, and apparently some others were struck in bronze. Meanwhile requests for medals did come in from the Indian agent at the Yankton Agency, to reward Chief Strike-the-Ree and other Indians for preventing the Yanktons from joining the hostile Sioux, and for inducing members of the tribe to abandon the hunt and to become good farmers. But by the time the request for the medals reached the Mint, Hayes had left office, and James Garfield, his successor, had been inaugurated. When the request of the Yankton agent was finally answered in March 1882, the medals sent bore the portrait of President Garfield, not of Hayes!
Hayes medals in bronze continued to be struck at the Mint for collectors. Some of them possibly came into the hands of Indians, but they were not officially-presented medals. A number of these bronze restrikes carried the modified reverse made for the Garfield medals and used as well on the subsequent Indian medals struck for Presidents Chester A. Arthur and Grover Cleveland. This reverse omitted the 1877 date and substituted a simple initial "M" for "Morgan."
It is not surprising that the Hayes restrikes used the newer reverse. The same thing had happened earlier, when a new die was cut of the PEACE AND FRIENDSHIP design that had been used on the medals from Madison through Tyler. When the earlier medals were restruck in bronze, the new reverse was used for many years. In more recent times (the date cannot be precisely determined), the Mint has made new dies of the original Hayes reverse, so that the recent bronze medals are fully authentic in design. This has confused collectors, museum curators, and dealers who do not know the true documentary history of the production of medals.
The Hayes Indian Peace Medal is part of the long and important tradition of presenting Silver medals to major Indian chiefs. It is unfortunate that because of slowness and delay on the part of the Indian Office and the Mint, no Hayes Silver medals were actually used for the purpose for which they were designed.
(Further information on the Hayes medal and on other Indian peace medals can be found in Francis Paul Prucha, Indian Peace Medals in American History (1971).)
Auction Location:
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Taxes:
| Tax | Rate | Desc. |
| CST |
8.25% |
California |
| SST |
8.75% |
San Diego County |
Buyer's Premiums:
| From (Incl.) | To (Excl.) | Premium |
| 0.00 |
Infinite |
25% |
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Early American History Auctions - Terms & Conditions of Sale
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7. Descriptions and Grading.
a. Bidder(s) acknowledge that all gradings of coin and/or currency Merchandise sold in the Auction have been determined by independent grading services, and/or by EAHA; it being understood that the successful Bidder(s) acknowledge that the grading of rare coin(s), currency and other merchandise is subjective and accordingly may differ among independent grading services and among expert numismatists, and that such grading may have a material effect on the ultimate Auction value of the Merchandise.
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NO WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE IS MADE OR IMPLIED ON ANY LOT IN THE CATALOG, AND NO WARRANTY, WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, IS MADE WITH RESPECT TO ANY LOT EXCEPT FOR A WARRANTY OF TITLE; IT BEING UNDERSTOOD THAT ALL LOTS OFFERED FOR SALE ARE SOLD ON AN "AS IS" BASIS AND THAT THE PURCHASER CONSEQUENTLY ASSUMES ALL RISKS CONCERNING AND RELATED TO THE GRADING, QUALITY, DESCRIPTION, CONDITION, AUTHENTICITY, AND PROVENANCE OF A GIVEN LOT. NEITHER EAHA NOR THE CONSIGNOR MAKES ANY REPRESENTATION THAT THE PURCHASER OF MANUSCRIPT MATERIAL, PHOTOGRAPHS, PRINTS, OR WORKS OF ART WILL ACQUIRE ANY COPYRIGHT OR REPRODUCTION RIGHTS THERETO."
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BIDDER EXPRESSLY WAIVES AND RELEASES, AND FOREVER DISCHARGES EAHA FROM ANY AND ALL CLAIMS, RIGHTS, DEMANDS AND CAUSE(S) OF ACTIONS AND SUIT(S), OF WHATEVER KIND OR NATURE, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, CLAIM(S) BASED UPON AUCTIONEER'S NEGLIGENCE, WHETHER IN LAW OR EQUITY OR WHETHER KNOWN OR UNKNOWN, SUSPECTED OR UNSUSPECTED, WHICH BIDDER MAY CLAIM TO HAVE WITH RESPECT TO AND/OR ARISING OUT OF, OR IN CONNECTION WITH ANY CHALLENGE TO ANY MERCHANDISE PURCHASED AT THE AUCTION, THE AUCTION PROCEDURES, OR THE PURCHASE OF ANY LOT(S); IT BEING THE INTENTION THAT THIS WAIVER AND RELEASE SHALL BE EFFECTIVE AS A BAR TO EACH AND EVERY CLAIM, DEMAND, CAUSE OF ACTION AND/OR SUIT OR CONTROVERSY THAT MAY ARISE HEREUNDER OR BE RELATED TO THE AUCTION
ALL BIDDER(S) BY SUBMITTING A BID IN ANY FASHION, SIGNED OR UNSIGNED, IN THE AUCTION KNOWINGLY AND VOLUNTARILY WAIVE ANY AND ALL RIGHTS AND BENEFITS OTHERWISE CONFERRED UPON THE BIDDER BY LAW OR BY THE PROVISION(S) OF SECTION 1542 OF THE CALIFORNIA CIVIL CODE, WHICH READS IN FULL AS FOLLOWS:
"A GENERAL RELEASE DOES NOT EXTEND TO CLAIMS WHICH THE CREDITOR DOES NOT KNOW OR SUSPECT TO EXIST IN HIS FAVOR AT THE TIME OF EXECUTING THE RELEASE, WHICH IF KNOWN BY HIM MUST HAVE MATERIALLY AFFECTED HIS SETTLEMENT WITH THE DEBTOR."
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b. Neither EAHA nor any affiliated or related company shall be responsible for incidental or consequential damages arising out of any failure of these General Terms and Conditions, the Auction or the conduct thereof and in no event shall such liability exceed the original Purchase Price, premium, or fees paid.
c. If the Bidder fails to comply with one or more of these General Terms and Conditions, then, in addition to all other remedies which it may have at law or in equity, EAHA may at its sole option either rescind the sale, retaining all payments made by Bidder as liquidated damages; it being recognized that actual damages may be speculative or difficult to compute, or sell a portion or all of the Lot(s) held by EAHA, in a quantity sufficient in the opinion of EAHA to satisfy the indebtedness, plus all accrued charges, and EAHA may sell such portion at an Auction or private sale conducted by EAHA and charge a seller's commission that is commercially reasonable. More than one such sale may take place at the option of EAHA. Notice of the sale shall be by U.S.P.S. Mail, Return Receipt Requested to the address utilized on the Bid Sheet, Auction Consignment and Security Agreement or other last known address by EAHA. The proceeds shall be applied first to the satisfaction of any damages occasioned by Bidder's breach, then to any other indebtedness owed to EAHA, including without limitation, commissions, handling charges, the expenses of both sales, reasonable attorneys' fees, costs, collection agency fees and costs and any other costs or expenses incurred.
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a. These General Terms and Conditions and the Auction shall be construed and enforced in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of California, regardless of the location of the Auction.
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12. Definitions
a. The term "Absentee Bid" shall mean all Bids placed via any communication including: mail, phone, fax, email and website.
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e. The term "Bid" shall mean a bona fide Bid made by a "Bidder" which is officially acknowledged and accepted by the Auctioneer at the Auction on the Auction Date.
f. The term "Bidder" shall mean an individual or entity that submits a legally binding and bona fide Bid to the Auctioneer at the Auction or any direct buyer either physical or online.
g. The term "Catalog" shall mean the official publication issued by EAHA and transmitted to potential Bidder(s) in advance of the Auction.
h. The term "Cataloguer" shall mean the individual(s) that has described the "Lot(s)" contained in the Catalog for the Auction.
i. "Conservation" the Professional activities including the careful examination as supported by expertise, research and education, in treatment of an item using, "any methods that prove effective in keeping or bringing that property in as close to its original condition as possible, for as long as possible."
j. The term "Consignment Agreement" shall mean the written agreement(s) between "EAHA" and a given "Consignor" available at "EAHA's" offices.
k. The term "Consignor" shall mean the owner of the "Merchandise" offered for sale by "Lot" at the Auction.
l. The term "Description" shall mean the written remarks describing the features of a Lot combined with the corresponding photograph of said Lot.
m. The term "EarlyAmerican;s website." shall mean the Internet accessible service provided by EAHA.
n. The term "EAHA" shall mean collectively Early American History Auctions, Inc. and/or any subsidiary or affiliated entity and/or Officer(s), Director(s) and/or employee(s) of EAHA.
o. The term "Fair Market Value" shall mean the sale price a given Lot is expected by the Cataloguer to realize at the Auction from the Bidder(s).
p. The term "Hammer Price" shall mean the successful Bid in the Auction as determined by the Auctioneer on the Auction Date.
q. The term "Holder" shall mean the original frame, container, case or clear plastic sleeve, labeled with the "Lot" number, in which the "Merchandise" is delivered by the Consignor to the successful Bidder at an Auction.
r. The term "Lot(s)" shall mean the article(s) comprising the Merchandise offered for sale at the Auction.
s. The term "Low Estimate" shall mean the low range of the sale price that a Lot is expected by the Cataloguer to realize at the Auction.
t. The term "Merchandise" shall mean personal property described in the Catalog and offered for sale by Lot at the Auction.
u. The term "Purchaser" shall mean the successful Bidder at the Auction on the Auction Date.
v. The term "Purchaser's Premium" shall mean the commission that is automatically charged by "EAHA" to each successful Bidder at the Auction in a sum equal to twenty percent (20%) of the "Hammer Price" or twenty-five percent (25%) of the "Hammer Price" if bids are placed through a third party firm including Invaluable, LiveAuctioneers and iCollector.
w. The term "Reserve" is a confidential price below which the Auctioneer will not sell a given Lot, and/or will re-purchase on behalf of the Consignor or EAHA.
x. The term "Settlement Date" shall mean a time forty-five (45) days after the Auction Date.