SILENT BIDDING
This lot is using Silent Bidding, meaning bids are placed "blindly" without knowing
the competing bids. At the bidding deadline the highest amount placed will be the winning bid.
This item WAS NOT SOLD. Auction date was 2011 Dec 09 @ 12:00UTC+1
All of our items are 100% guaranteed genuine.
Impero Romano. Grande cammeo ovale in agata variegata bianco-beige e grigio-bruna, primo quarto del IV secolo d.C. D/ Imperatore imberbe, diademato, corazzato e paludato, stante di fronte su quadriga trionfale, che tiene globo e scettro. Pubblicato da Martin Henig, 'A Cameo, Probably Depicting The Triumph of Licinius I in AD 313' in The Celator vol. 17, N.8, August 2003, pp. 38-39. g. 14.49 Diametri: 33x31mm. Spessore: 9mm. SPL. Il cammeo, che appare ad occhio nudo circolare, misura 33 x 31 mm. ed ha uno spessore massimo di 9 mm. Esso v® intagliato su di una pietra variegata bianco-beige e grigio-bruna, che puv= essere definita un‚Äôagata. La parte posteriore v® stata sottoposta ad una levigatura superficiale. Lo stato di conservazione dell‚Äôesemplare va giudicato eccellente, benchv® presenti una minima scheggiatura all‚Äôapice ed un leggero difetto nella parte sinistra della base. La faccia anteriore della pietra mostra un giovane imperatore imberbe stante di fronte su un carro trainato da quattro cavalli che, due per lato, si impennano sulle zampe posteriori. Il tipo deriva dalle rappresentazioni del dio Sole sul suo carro (cfr. Kent 1978, p.320, n.550, p.143, una moneta di Probo emessa circa nel 280 d.C.). L‚Äôimperatore indossa corazza e paludamentum, la cui estremitv† posteriore fluttua a destra. Egli ha un semplice diadema sulla fronte, che conferisce al suo capo una forma squadrata; tiene un globo con la mano destra e uno scettro con la sinistra. Lo stile con cui v® rappresentato l‚Äôimperatore v® tipico del periodo della tetrarchia; il suo aspetto ricorda quello delle statue di porfido dei quattro tetrarchi a Venezia e ancora di pivp quelle in Vaticano (Kleiner 1992, pp.401-404, figg.366-9), dai corpi tozzi e dalle teste massicce. Essi tengono gli stessi globi. Purtroppo conosciamo un solo cammeo con un gruppo tetrarchico, un calcedonio nel Dumbarton Oaks Museum; esso mostra i busti affiancati di fronte di due tetrarchi , variamente identificati come Diocleziano e Massimiano o come Massimiano e Massenzio. Essi sono privi di diademi ma la conformazione delle loro teste non v® dissimile da quella del nostro cammeo; ciascuno indossa una clamide allacciata con una fibula sulla spalla sinistra (cfr. Richter 1971, pp.120-121, n¬8594; Weitzmann 1979, pp.11-12, n¬84). Per quanto riguarda l‚Äôiconografia, esiste una stretta analogia con un cammeo molto pivp grande, una sardonice a tre strati di 68 x 84 mm. conservata nel Cabinet de Medailles di Parigi. Esso raffigura il trionfo di un imperatore del tardo impero stante di fronte sulla sua quadriga, nel quale Babelon ha creduto di riconoscere Licinio (Babelon 1897, pp.160-61 e tav.XXXVII, n¬8308); mentre pivp recentemente si v® preferito attribuirlo alla fine del V secolo (Fuhrmann 1967; Spier 1993, pp.45-6, fig.3.2). Su questa gemma l‚Äôimperatore tiene un globo nella mano sinistra ed una lancia nella destra; le personificazioni del Sole e della Luna presentano globi , mentre ai due lati ci sono Vittorie e a terra prigionieri accasciati sotto gli zoccoli dei cavalli. Le analogie tra le due rappresentazioni dell‚Äôimperatore in quadriga, ammettendo che i due cammei siano coevi, indurrebbero ad attribuirli alla medesima officina imperiale : la gemma di Parigi, di un livello superiore, destinata forse ad un alto ufficiale; la nostra ad un benemerito di rango leggermente inferiore. E‚Äô tuttavia necessaria molta prudenza. In primo luogo, la testa dell‚Äôimperatore di Parigi v® pivp allungata e le sue fattezze sono pivp simili a quelle di una ritratto di Costanzo II su un medaglione d‚Äôoro coniato ad Antiochia; esso rappresenta l‚Äôingresso trionfale dell‚Äôimperatore nella capitale su un carro fiancheggiato da Vittorie, proprio come il cammeo di Parigi (Kent 1978, p.334, n¬8676, tav.171). In secondo luogo, lo stile delle figure sembra pivp tardo della metv† del IV secolo, pivp vicino all‚Äôarte classicheggiante del cosiddetto rinascimento teodosiano che non alle pivp grossolane e vigorose sculture della tetrarchia. Esiste un altro cammeo che rappresenta un imperatore, questa volta visto di profilo, su una quadriga trionfale, al Metropolitan Museum of Art di New York (Richter 1971, p.122, n¬8599); la Vittoria sta dietro di lui, sul carro condotto da Virtus. Sopra c‚Äôv® Amore e a lato cammina un giovane, forse la personificazione di Honos. L‚Äôidentitv† dell‚Äôimperatore v® incerta, ma v® stato ipotizzato il nome di Costantino. Un altro cammeo conservato a Parigi merita di essere menzionato. Con un diametro di 34 mm. ha quasi le stesse dimensioni del nostro e mostra anch‚Äôesso un imperatore in quadriga.Tuttavia qui l‚Äôimperatore tiene una mappa, a indicare che presiede i giochi circensi. Esso v® identificato dalla iscrizione come Nerone (Babelon 1897, pp.149-50, tav. XXXII, n¬8287). Contro la tentazione di considerare questo cammeo precedente, se non addirittura del primo secolo, va osservato che il suo stile v® tardo-antico. Esso v® infatti contemporaneo ai medaglioni contorniati del IV secolo, forse proprietv† di un pagano amante del circo, nostalgico del buon tempo antico (Spier 1993, p.45). Con l‚Äôeccezione del cammeo del Dumbarton Oaks, gli altri esempi, tanto nella gliptica che nella numismatica, dimostrano quanto fosse viva la tradizione di rappresentare l‚Äôimperatore trionfante, tema che aveva le sue radici nel primo impero ma che raggiunse le sue massime espressioni nel IV secolo. Secondo Sabine McCormack (1981, pp.31-33) il periodo tetrarchico v® caratterizzato da un realismo misurato e contenuto, che precede l‚Äôevoluzione stilistica propria dell‚Äôarte ufficiale romana del IV secolo, che avrv† inizio a partire da Costantino. Il nostro cammeo mostra il realismo tetrarchico nel volto dell‚Äôimperatore, non particolarmente bello e segnato dalle preoccupazioni, e nell‚Äôassenza di divinitv† accompagnatrici. Non si puv= essere certi dell‚Äôidentitv† dell‚Äôimperatore, identificabile con pivp di un nome, da Diocleziano a Galerio, da Massimiano a Massenzio; ma una interessante e plausibile ipotesi puv= essere avanzata sulla base di un confronto con il ritratto di Licinio I su una coppa d‚Äôargento che fa parte del cosiddetto tesoro di Monaco, fabbricata circa nel 321-322, che celebra i quinquennalia di suo figlio (Overbeck 1973, p.23, n¬81; Kent e Painter 1977, pp. 20-21, n¬81). E‚Äô verosimile che il nostro cammeo raffiguri proprio Licinio dopo la vittoria riportata su Massimino ad Adrianopoli nell‚Äôaprile del 313. In questo caso, il nostro cammeo e non quello di Parigi, probabilmente pivp tardo, andrebbe dunque interpretato come il vero Trionfo di Licinio. Liberamente tradotto dall‚Äôarticolo di M. Henig A Cameo, Probably Depingting the Triumph of Licinius I in AD 313 su Celator Vol.17,No.8, August 2003, pp.38-39, che pubblichiamo integralmente con la relativa bibliografia.
Auction Location:
via A. Giangi 4, Dogana, RSM, 47891, San Marino
Previewing Details:
Lots can be viewed at out office in San Marino, v. Giangi 4, 47891, by appointment.
Buyer's Premiums:
From (Incl.) | To (Excl.) | Premium |
0.00 |
Infinite |
15.45% |
Additional Fees:
Shipping Details:
We ship world-wide.
Payment Details:
We aceept credit cards, bank cheque (EUR, US or GBP) and bank wire tranfers.
Accepted Payment Methods:
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GENERAL TERMS OF SALE
1. This is a public auction and mailbid sale conducted by Artemide Aste s.r.l. Subject to our consent, liberty for bidding by sellers and/or consignors is hereby reserved.
2. A 15.45% buyer’s charge will be added to the “hammer price” or winning bid of each lot.
3. All material shall be sold to the highest bidder as determined by the Auctioneer. If any dispute arises during or immediately after the sale of a lot, the Auctioneer shall have the right to recall the lot and put it up for sale again. In all cases, Auctioneer’s decision shall be final. For the bidder’s protection, NO “UNLIMITED” or “BUY” BIDS WILL BE ACCEPTED. Bids are to be made in EURO currency only.
4. Terms of this sale are strictly cash with payment due immediately upon receipt of invoice. Title to all lots remains with consignor until paid in full.
5. Floor bidders, internet and mail bidders are not known to Auctioneer must furnish satisfactory credit references, sufficiently in advance of the sale to allow for checking, or per the discretion of the Auctioneer, a deposit equal to 25% of their total bids for that session(s) before such bids can be accepted. Deposits submitted will be applied to purchases and any unused portion of such deposit will be promptly refunded. All bid sheets submitted by mail bidders must be signed. Company bids must be submitted with the signature of a duly authorized agent of such company. If you bid by mail, mail your bid sheet early. Mail bidders agree to and are subject to these terms of sale just as they were floor bidders.
6. All bids must be per lot as numbered in this catalogue. Lots will be sold in their numbered sequence unless Auctioneer directs otherwise. Auctioneer can not be responsible for errors in bidding. Please make certain that you bid on the correct lot and that your bid is the maximum you are willing to pay.
7. A base price is provided for each lot. Lots may sell for equal or above this base price. No bid below the base price will be accepted.
8. If Auctioneer, in its sole discretion, determines that any numismatic property is substantially and materially different from that represented in the catalogue of sale, or in any written advertisement or material, the sale shall be cancelled and Auctioneer shall refund the purchase price to the Buyer.
9. All items in this catalogue are guaranteed to be genuine unless specifically stated otherwise in the lot description. Claims to the contrary must be made in writing within 7 days after receipt of the lot. Any returned lot must be intact and in its original unopened holder. No lot may be returned without prior written consent. In no event may any lot be returned after thirty (30) days from the date of the sale. LATE REMITTANCE FOR PURCHASES CONSTITUTES JUST CAUSE TO ABROGATE ALL RETURN PRIVILEGES FOR ANY REASON.
10. Grading is a subjective description, in the opinion of the cataloguer as to the state of preservation, method of strike and overall appearance of a particular coin or lot. The term “Proof” or “Specimen” is used to describe a method of manufacture and is not a grade or condition or an attribution; Auctioneer does not represent that any coin catalogued will meet the standards, or the grade, of any third party or third party grading services. Adjectival descriptions and terminology (which can and does vary among experts and knowledgeable purchasers), when utilized in the catalogue, are strictly the opinion of the cataloguer and shall not be deemed to be part of the description; i.e., it is an opinion only and not a warranty of any kind.
11. This is not an approval sale. Bidders are expected to promptly purchase all lots awarded to them by the auctioneer. Floor bidders are encouraged to carefully examine all lots which they are interested in purchasing, since NO LOTS MAY BE RETURNED BY FLOOR BUYERS, INCLUDING THOSE LOTS WHERE THE BIDDER IS ACTING AS AGENT FOR ANOTHER PARTY, OR BY MAIL BIDDERS WHO HAVE EXAMINED THE LOT PRIOR TO THE SALE.
12. Mail bids will be accepted from those who can not attend the sale in person. Bids for all lots must be submitted in Euro amounts. Mail, fax or emails bids must be received prior to the closing date of the auction or there will be no guarantee that they will be timely executed. Successful mail bidders will be awarded the lot at a nominal 5% or 10% over the second highest mail or floor bid. When identical bids are received by Auctioneer for a lot, preference is given to the first bid received. A mail bid will take precedence over an identical floor bid. A floor bidder must bid higher than the highest mail bidder to be awarded any lot.
13. Auctioneer reserves the right to refuse to honour any bid or to limit the amount of any bid which, in his opinion, is not submitted in “Good Faith”, or, as the case dictates, is not supported by satisfactory credit and numismatic references, as Auctioneer, in its sole discretion, shall determine. A bid is also considered not made in “Good Faith” when it is made by an insolvent or irresponsible person, or a person under the age of eighteen. Auctioneer reserves the right to exclude any person it deems in its sole opinion is disruptive to the sale or is otherwise commercially unsuitable. Auctioneer reserves the right to rescind the sale in the event of any non-payment, breach of warranty, disputed ownership, Auctioneer’s clerical error or omission in exercising bids and reserves or otherwise.
14. All photographs in this catalog are of the actual items being sold.
15. Postage, insurance and sales tax, if required by law to be collected, will be added to the invoice for any lot(s) invoiced to successful bidders.
16. Auctioneer reserves the right to require payment in full before delivering any lot to a successful bidder. It is the buyer’s responsibility and obligation to have the lots fully insured while in his/her possession. Risk or loss is on the buyer. Please send shipping instructions. Normally all lots will be sent via registered mail.
17. In the event a bidder fails to make remittance promptly, auctioneer reserves the right to resell the merchandise and bidder agrees to pay for the reasonable cost of such a sale and also to pay any difference between the resale price and the previously successful bid.
18. Auctioneer reserves the right to postpone the auction sale for a reasonable period of time, as the result of any significant relevant event, which, in the judgment of Auctioneer, reasonably exercised, make it inadvisable to hold the auction.
19. By bidding in this sale, bidder personally guarantees payment; if a corporation is the bidder, the officers and/or principals of the corporation agree to personally guarantee payment. Mail or fax bids must be signed.
20. Auctioneer reserves the right to include its own material in any auction sale. Auctioneer may have direct or indirect interests in auction lots. Auctioneer may make loans or advances to consignors and/or prospective purchasers. The Consignor may be permitted to bid on his, her or their own articles and to buy them back at the sale. Any Buyer who bids on or purchases their own goods is required to pay for them, in full, as the terms of sale provide for together with the full buyer’s commission, and any other applicable surcharges, postage, handling, insurance fees and taxes, without rebate of any kind whatsoever, unless provided for otherwise by contract with Auctioneer. Auctioneer reserves the right to make accounting adjustments in lieu of payment. Settlement will follow the auction. The prices realized reflect the final price called by Auctioneer and may include a bid of a consignor reacquiring their lot.
21. In the event Auctioneer shall, for any reason other than set forth in paragraph 8, be unable to deliver the property sought to be purchases, its liability therefore shall be limited to the rescission of the sale and refund of the purchase price and buyer’s. Auctioneer shall have no liability for damages, incidental, consequential or otherwise, arising out of its failure to deliver any property purchased, and all bidders agree to this.
22. Auctioneer shall have a lien against the merchandise purchased by the buyer and any other property of the buyer then held by Auctioneer to secure payment of the auction invoice(s) and any other amounts due to Auctioneer from the buyer.
23. It is unlawful and illegal for Bidders to collude, pool, or agree with another Bidder to pay less than the fair value for lot(s). Bidders in the sale acknowledge that the law provides for substantial penalties in the form of treble damages and attorney’s fees and costs for those who violate these provisions.
24. Any dispute regarding this auction shall be governed by the laws of the Republic of San Marino and shall be adjudicated only by the Court of the Republic of San Marino.
25. Bidding in this sale (by any means) or participating in this sale constitutes acceptance by the bidder or participant of all the fore mentioned terms and conditions of the sale.
26. The terms of sale exist in several languages. In the event of dispute, the Italian version is considered valid.
Payment methods:
- Cash
- Cheque in USD or EURO currency (please add 15 EURO for bank charges)
- Bank Wire transfer (from outiside Italy, please add 15 EURO for bank charges):
Banca di San Marino s.p.a., IBAN: SM36X 0854 009810000551670110, SWIFT: MAOISMSM, beneficiary: Artemide Aste s.r.l.
- credit card (VISA, MASTERCAD): +2.5%
Artemide Aste s.r.l. may reduce or comprise any charge or fee at its discretion.
Spedizioni / Shipping
Si spedisce esclusivamente per posta assicurata, assicurando il pieno valore dei lotti, tramite Poste Italiane.
Lots are shipped by insured mail (where available), fully insured, using Poste Italiane services.
Contattateci per il costo di spedizione dei libri.
Pleace contact us fo books shipping costs.
Italia, Posta Assicurata (+)
Italy, Insured mail
Estero, Posta Assicurata
Outside Italy, Insured mail
(EU, Russia, China, Japan...)*
Valore lotti
Lots value
Costo Spedizione
Shipping costs
Valore lotti
Lots value
Costo Spedizione
Shipping costs
= 250 €
12 €
= 250 €
16 €
= 500 €
15 €
= 500 €
18 €
= 1.000 €
20 €
= 1.000 €
22 €
= 3.000 €
25 €
= 3.000 €
28 €
+
Per la spedizione in contrassegno, disponibile per un importo massimo di € 1.000, solo per l’Italia, aggiungere € 6.00 a spedizione.
*
Contattateci per sapere se possiamo spedire tramite assicurata nel vostro Paese.
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**
Qualora l’importo dei lotti superasse la cifra massima assicurabile, se possibile, la spedizione verrà divisa in più parti ognuna assicurata per il pieno valore.
If the lots value is above the maximum insurable value, where applicable, the lots will be separated in different packages each one fully insured.
***
I rischi annessi alla spedizione sono a carico dell’acquirente.
Shipping is at buyer’s risk.
****
Abbreviazioni
R = Raro
RR = Molto Raro
RRR = Rarissimo
RRRR = Della piu grande rarità
D/ = Diritto
R/ = Rovescio
d. = Destra
s. = Sinistra
s.d. = Senza data
c.s. = Come sopra
var. = Variante
q. = Quasi
p. = Pagina
gr. = Grammi
mm. = Millimetri
n.p. = Numero precedente
AU = Oro
AG = Argento
AE = Bronzo
BA = Bronzital
CU = Rame
MI = Mistura
NI = Nichel
OR = Oricalco
IT = Italma
AC = Acmonital
PB = Piombo
EL = Elettro
MB = Metallo bianco
Gradi di conservazione
FDC Fior di conio
SPL Splendido
BB Bellissimo
MB Molto Bello
Grades of preservation
Fdc Uncirculated
Extremely fine
Very fine
Fine
Erhaltungsagrad
Stempelglanz
Vorzüglich
Sehr schön
Schön
Degrès de conservation
Fleur de coin (FDC)
Superbe
Très beau
Beau
Grados de conservación
FDC
EBC
MBC
BC