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Duncan’s Chinese Salesrooms, One Dollar Share Note CA - San Francisco,2012aug - Numismatic

Currency:USD Category:Collectibles / Western Americana Start Price:1,500.00 USD Estimated At:3,000.00 - 10,000.00 USD
Duncan’s Chinese Salesrooms, One Dollar Share Note CA - San Francisco,2012aug - Numismatic
Invoicing and lot pick up will NOT be available at the live auction.




One Dollar share note. “Shares one dollar” “Second California Art Union” “$85,000 in shares of $1.00 each” Printed by B. F. Butler, San Francisco, no date. Printed signature of J. C. Duncan at lower right. Blue paper. On the reverse is “1853” in pencil. This note, or share certificate, is certainly one of the most important notes to surface in recent years.

Joseph C. Duncan came to San Francisco and the Gold Rush in 1850. Born in Philadelphia, he managed a magazine in Illinois before managing the New Orleans Crescent in 1848. Caught up with the news of the gold rush, he ventured to California to enter the printing trade, probably one of the first in that business. His press was destroyed in 1851, causing Duncan to explore other businesses, including real estate. Duncan was an advanced art aficionado. He was “characterized as one of the first to introduce and encourage art in a liberal and critical spirit”, as noted by editors Starr and Orsi in “Rooted In Barbarous Soil” published in 2000. He was the first president of the San Francisco Art Association. As a collector, Duncan acquired many quality paintings and along the way met many of the art dealers of Europe. During 1853 and 1854 he travelled to Europe where he bought a large number of paintings by many of the great artists of Europe, including Van Dyke.

During the trip he concocted a marketing scheme of utter brilliance. His gallery on Montgomery Street was perfectly situated for the paintings to be seen by the wealth of San Francisco. His salesroom was known as the Duncan’s Chinese Salesroom, and the scheme involved the forming of the second California Art Union. The property of the Union was the group of paintings he acquired in Europe, which he transferred to the stockholders through the sale of his One Dollar notes. The First California Art Union was formed in 1850 by an Act of the State Legislature authorizing the Trustees of the Union to “save and distribute Art.” Duncan, an avid art collector and promoter, seized on the original idea and went a step or two further, creating the second Art Union.

Once the paintings were on display in Duncan’s studio on Montgomery Street, the sale of notes began. “In a scheme perfectly suited to the reckless, gambling, go-ahead spirit of the gold rush, Californians purchased 100,000 tickets (shares or notes) at $1 each, which, in mid-November were drawn from a wheel of fortune at the Metropolitan Theatre. Over the course of two days, in a great spectacle that provided entertainment and promoted culture, 6,000 superb articles were distributed to the crush of excited Californians who jammed the theatre.” (Starr & Orsi). The paintings and art were given away to shareholders (those with the notes) in lottery style. An interesting side bar is that historians maintain Duncan sold 100,000 notes, but the note itself shows 85,000. Did Duncan really sell 15,000 more? Is the inflated number an historical exaggeration? Probably the latter, but only more research will tell. The event was wildly successful, in any case.

By 1856, Duncan bought or formed the Daily Globe and later the California Home Journal, an artsy magazine sometimes available to collectors today. He organized the Pioneer Bank of Savings and Deposit sometime after the 1855 bank crash created by Adams & Co. BY 1875, Duncan’s bank had more than $1.1 million in deposits. He also formed the Safe Deposit Company of San Francisco in 1874, complete with its own four story stone building. Unfortunately, both of these banks failed in 1877 amid many charges, of which Duncan was later exonerated. [Cross, History of Banking in California]





This piece is presently one of two known (R8) to the author. It is printed in classic California Gold Rush style. The serial number is hand written, and this specimen has a code of some sort written above “California.” This is serial number 53,496. -59963