61
1765 JOHN ROWE Autograph Letter Signed, Owner BOSTON TEA PARTY SHIP ELEANOR
Currency:USD
Category:Collectibles / Autographs
Start Price:2,800.00 USD
Estimated At:4,000.00 - 5,000.00 USD
SOLD
2,800.00USD+ buyer's premium + applicable fees & taxes.
This item SOLD at 2017 Aug 26 @ 10:10UTC-7 : PDT/MST
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Colonial America
John Rowe “Boston Tea Party” Tea Ship Owner & American Patriot, “Tea Party” Rabble-rouser & Instigator Merchant & “Rowes Wharf” Namesake 1767 Signed Letter
JOHN ROWE (1715-1787). Colonial Boston Merchant and Unsung Historic American Patriot, best known for the Wharf in Boston that bears his name, but he was also the person that gave the Commonwealth of Massachusetts its Emblem of the “Sacred Cod” in the Old State House in 1784, 5th Provincial Grand Master of Masons in 1768 till his death, and Owner of the BOSTON TEA PARTY Ship “ELEANOR”.
July 29, 1765-Dated Colonial Period, Autograph Letter Signed, “John Rowe” at Boston, 2 pages, measuring 7.25” x 9.25” with Integral Postal Cover, Very Fine. This merchants Letter is addressed to Newton & Gordon (wine merchants), at Madeira (Islands, Portugal) on its Integral address panel, indicated to be hand-carried by “Captain Bennet”. Docket also on the reverse panel reads, in full: “Boston - 29th July 1765 John Rowe Esqr. - Received 15 October 1765 - Answ” (Answered). It is interesting to note the timeframe from posting to receipt taking about two and a half months by Sailing Ship of the period. The content is mainly about shipping news, wine prices and also mentions price of fish and Boston real estate. This Letter is boldly written in rich deep brown ink on clean laid period paper having some expected tears away from the written text where opened, and is overall pleasing, being very easy to read. The rare signature “John Rowe” is bold and large with his decorative flourish below, measuring about 2.25” long at the conclusion.
John Rowe owned the Ship “ELEANOR” being one of several vessels owned by him as the leading Boston merchant, smuggler, and Boston Board of Selectman, whose holdings included stores, warehouses and Rowe’s Wharf. As a merchant, John Rowe's most famous cargo was the actual Tea that played a starring role in the “Boston Tea Party.” It was indeed his Tea which played the central role in the “Boston Tea Party,” a spark in 1773 towards the coming American Revolution! At the time of the “Boston Tea Party,” his Captain Bruce, a Tory sympathizer, commanded the Eleanor, and her home port was the city of Boston. The Eleanor, with her cargo of 114 chests of British East India Company Tea, arrived at Griffin’s Wharf in Boston on Thursday, December 2, 1773 – fourteen days prior to the December 16, 1773, historic “Boston Tea Party.”
John Rowe, then at the age of fifty-eight, in conjunction with Samuel Adams and John Hancock, was a leading spirit in the stirring scenes that led up to the famous Boston Tea Party. An entry in his journal reads, “I would Rather have Lost five hundred Guineas than Captain Bruce should have taken any of this Tea on board his Ship,” indicates his annoyance that his vessel should have been implicated in this obnoxious proceeding; but self-interest did not deter him from doing all in his power to prevent the landing of the tea.
The afternoon of Dec. 16, 1773, saw the Old South Church packed as it never had been before. At three o'clock it was estimated there were seven thousand people in and around the edifice. Samuel Adams, John Rowe, Young, Quincy and other distinguished citizens were upon the platform, exhorting the people to stand firm, and cautioning them to moderation. In the course of his address Rowe said, "Who knows how tea will mingle with salt water" — a suggestion which was received with loud applause, and has been thought by many to be a foreshadowing of what was to take place if permission was not given the vessels to sail without landing their obnoxious cargo of tea. John Rowe and John Hancock have been accredited with taking part in throwing the tea overboard; but it is almost certain the former had no actual hand in so doing, for he was still upon the platform when, a little after six o'clock, the “Mohawks” rushed by the church on their way to Griffin's wharf, where the ships were moored. The protest, in which Colonials disguised as Native Americans, tossed tea boxes into Boston Harbor to support a boycott in protest of British sanctioned monopolies and taxes on the staple. By some accounts, John Rowe was attending the meeting at the Old South Meeting House before the Tea Party, where he supposedly uttered the famous words, "perhaps salt water and tea will mix tonight".
But according to his diary, kept in the archives of the Massachusetts Historical Society, he was ill at the time and not able to attend. Then again, because several sources had placed Rowe at the meeting, his diary entry might have been falsely added in an attempt to conceal his participation in the events leading up to the Tea Party.
Today, Rowes Wharf, is a modern Hotel and development in downtown Boston on the Harbor which still bears his name. An Englishman by birth, Rowe emigrated with his brother to America at an early age, where he married and settled for the remainder of his life. It is said that Rowe was a very active smuggler, avoiding British trade regulations by trading with forbidden ports. He caught the Patriot Revolutionary fever early, and joined the protests against the tightening restrictions on American Colonial trade. He assisted in inciting the riots against the despised British imposed Colonial America “Stamp Act” in 1765 and he led the mob that destroyed Chief Justice and Governor Thomas Hutchinson's residence. An important, often overlooked major figure in the Patriotic fervor of pre-Revolutionary War America. Very rare.
John Rowe, Patriot and Merchant: (from Celebrate Boston)
John Rowe is best known for the historic “Rowes Wharf” in Boston that bears his name, but he was also the person that gave the Commonwealth of Massachusetts its “Sacred Cod.” The following is a biography quoted from “History Of The Emblem Of The Codfish” as compiled by a committee of the Massachusetts House of Representatives (1895):
"Mr. Rowe was a man of peculiar public spirit and patriotism, and it is probable that he paid for the carving of the fish and all the expenses incident thereto, even those connected with its 'hanging up in the room where the House sit,' out of his own pocket.
It seems proper that something more than a mere reference should be made to the person to whose fore-thought and patriotism we owe the placing in our halls of legislation of so significant a reminder of an industry once the greatest in Massachusetts. It has been said of him he was 'as true a friend to his country as any whose names have reached a greater renown.' John, son of Joseph and Mary Rowe, was born at Exeter, Devon, England, on Nov. 16, 1715.”
John Rowe, Boston Patriot and Merchant:
When exactly John Rowe departured from England is as unknown, as is that of his advent in Boston. That it was in his early youth is evident, for it is known that in 1740 he was made a member of St. John's Lodge of Freemasons, the first body of that fraternity to be established in Boston, and the records show that he was then twenty-five years of age. That he took a deep and lasting interest in Masonry is shown by the fact that he was elected Master of the lodge nine years later, being the fifth Provincial Grand Master of Masons in the year 1768. He held the office until his death.
He made numerous investments in and about Boston, where he became the owner of considerable property, including the present Rowe's Wharf, a residence on Pond, now Bedford, Street, and an estate in Milton. Chauncy Street for many years bore his name. From the very beginning, John Rowe was an active and earnest participant in the struggle of the colonists to free themselves from the tyrannies of the mother country, Britain.
He was one of the fifty most prominent and influential merchants and business men of Boston who, on Dec. 19, 1760, signed a petition to the General Court charging the officers of the Crown with appropriating to their own use money belonging to the Province. All through the agitation aroused by the odious Stamp Acts he was an indefatigable worker for the repeal of those iniquitous laws.
So active was he in this direction that one historian has credited him with leading the mob against the house of Lieutenant Governor Hutchinson during the riots of 1765, caused by the enforcement of the Stamp Acts; although in justice to John Rowe it should be said that Hutchinson himself, in his account of this riot, states that the mob was led by one Mackintosh. John Rowe enjoyed in the highest degree the confidence and esteem of his fellow citizens, and was repeatedly appointed on committees in town meetings.
In 1764 he was so appointed one of a committee of five to inform the Rev. Mr. George Whitefield of a unanimous vote of thanks for the great service rendered by the reverend gentleman in raising money to relieve the distress occasioned by the disastrous fire of 1760, which caused so much suffering to the people of Boston. If not a leader and moving spirit among the Sons of Liberty, he was at least in close sympathy with them and their aims, for on May 6, 1766, that organization controlled the election of the Representatives to the General Court from Boston, and chose James Otis, Thomas Cushing, Samuel Adams, John Hancock and John Rowe, the latter being selected upon the motion of Samuel Adams; and the distinguished company in which he found himself was of itself ample evidence of his ability and standing in the community. Nor was this the only public office held by him, for on March 14 of the following year we find him elected one of the selectmen, having for colleagues John Hancock, Samuel Sewall, William Phillips and others but little less renowned.
He held this office until 1769, when he declined a re-election, and the board thereupon unanimously extended him a vote of thanks for his past services, At this time he was also one of the fire wards of the town.
Although now past middle age, his interest in public questions was as keen as ever, and his patriotism as ardent as in the days of the stamp act excitement; and four years later, in 1773, at the age of fifty-eight, we find him, in conjunction with Samuel Adams and Hancock, a leading spirit in the stirring scenes that led up to the famous Boston Tea Party. It is claimed he was part owner in one of the vessels which brought to Boston the tea thrown into the harbor on the evening of Thursday, December 16; and from certain passages in his journal, covering the period from September, 1764, to July, 1779, it would seem the vessel was the 'Eleanor,' Captain Bruce. An entry in this journal, 'I would Rather have Lost five hundred Guineas than Captain Bruce should have taken any of this Tea on board his Ship,' indicates his annoyance that his vessel should have been implicated in this obnoxious proceeding; but self-interest did not deter him from doing all in his power to prevent the landing of the tea.
The afternoon of Dec. 16, 1773, saw the Old South Church packed as it never had been before. At three o'clock it was estimated there were seven thousand people in and around the edifice. Samuel Adams, John Rowe, Young, Quincy and other distinguished citizens were upon the platform, exhorting the people to stand firm, and cautioning them to moderation. In the course of his address Rowe said, "Who knows how tea will mingle with salt water" — a suggestion which was received with loud applause, and has been thought by many to be a foreshadowing of what was to take place if permission was not given the vessels to sail without landing their obnoxious cargo.
Rowe and Hancock have been accredited with taking part in throwing the tea overboard; but it is almost certain the former had no actual hand in so doing, for he was still upon the platform when, a little after six o'clock, the Mohawks rushed by the church on their way to Griffin's wharf, where the ships were moored.
In 1743 John Rowe married Hannah Speakman in Boston. He was of a deeply religious turn of mind, and for many years was a member of the old Trinity Church, of which he was a warden from 1769 until 1777, and upon his death, Feb. 21,1787, he was buried under the church."
The Sacred Cod was originally placed in the Hall of Representatives in the Old State House in 1784, and moved to the new State House in 1798.
Rowes Warf, Boston History:
In 1666 a protective Battery of cannon called the "Sconce" or the "South Battery" was built at the foot of Fort Hill in the area now known as Rowes Wharf. In peacetime, the Battery had a company assigned to it in case of invasion, but had only one gunner. During the 1740s, the Battery was extended into Boston harbor and was defended by thirty-five guns.
In 1764, John Rowe bought the land and built the first Rowes Wharf, which extended a short distance into Boston Harbor, and in 1765 Foster's Wharf was built on the site of the old Battery.
Foster's Wharf was originally called "Apthorp's Wharf". However, Charles Apthorp, being a staunch Tory, backed the British losing side in the American Revolution, and it was his confiscated land and wharf that merchant William Foster bought for 6,266 pounds, 12 shillings in May 1782.
Rowes Wharf however, has carried its original builder's name since its inception. For the next 150 years or so, commercial shipping continued to be a main user of the area. Today, the Boston Harbor Hotel is the principal occupant of the current Rowes Wharf building, which was completed in 1987
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a. If a dispute arises concerning ownership of a given Lot that has been Bid upon or concerning proceeds of any sale, EAHA reserves the right to commence a statutory Inter-Pleader or similar proceeding at the expense of the Consignor and successful Bidder and any other applicable party, and in such event shall be entitled to its reasonable attorneys' fees and costs.
b. Neither EAHA nor any affiliated or related company shall be responsible for incidental or consequential damages arising out of any failure of these General Terms and Conditions, the Auction or the conduct thereof and in no event shall such liability exceed the original Purchase Price, premium, or fees paid.
c. If the Bidder fails to comply with one or more of these General Terms and Conditions, then, in addition to all other remedies which it may have at law or in equity, EAHA may at its sole option either rescind the sale, retaining all payments made by Bidder as liquidated damages; it being recognized that actual damages may be speculative or difficult to compute, or sell a portion or all of the Lot(s) held by EAHA, in a quantity sufficient in the opinion of EAHA to satisfy the indebtedness, plus all accrued charges, and EAHA may sell such portion at an Auction or private sale conducted by EAHA and charge a seller's commission that is commercially reasonable. More than one such sale may take place at the option of EAHA. Notice of the sale shall be by U.S.P.S. Mail, Return Receipt Requested to the address utilized on the Bid Sheet, Auction Consignment and Security Agreement or other last known address by EAHA. The proceeds shall be applied first to the satisfaction of any damages occasioned by Bidder's breach, then to any other indebtedness owed to EAHA, including without limitation, commissions, handling charges, the expenses of both sales, reasonable attorneys' fees, costs, collection agency fees and costs and any other costs or expenses incurred.
d. It/he/she shall be liable to EAHA if the proceeds of such sale(s) insufficient to cover the indebtedness.
e. The rights granted to the Bidder(s) under the within General Terms and Conditions are personal and apply only to the Bidder(s) who initially purchase the Lot(s) at the Auction, and no rights may be assigned or transferred to any other person or entity, and any attempt to assign or transfer any such rights shall be absolutely void and unenforceable.
f. ANY DISPUTE ARISING OUT OF OR RELATED TO THESE GENERAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS, THE AUCTION OR ANY LOT, WITH THE SOLE EXCEPTION OF ACTIONS BY EAHA TO COLLECT THE PURCHASE PRICE AND OTHER DAMAGES, SHALL BE SUBMITTED TO BINDING ARBITRATION WITH THE VENUE OF ALL HEARINGS TO BE IN SAN DIEGO AND PURSUANT TO THE RULES OF THE AMERICAN ARBITRATION ASSOCIATION AND/OR THE PROFESSIONAL NUMISMATICS GUILD ("PNG") AT"EAHA'S EXCLUSIVE OPTION.
11. Miscellaneous Terms.
All Bidders in the Auction acknowledge and agree, as a condition to the acceptance of a Bid by the Auctioneer, that:
a. These General Terms and Conditions and the Auction shall be construed and enforced in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of California, regardless of the location of the Auction.
b. These General Terms and Conditions, and the information on EAHA's website, constitute the entire Agreement between EAHA and the Bidder(s) and supersede all other agreements, understandings, warranties and representations of and concerning the Auction and subject matter hereof.
c. EAHA will not be responsible for damage due to irradiation by the U.S. Post Office.
d. If any part of these General Terms and Conditions, or any term or provision of any part is held to be invalid, void, or unenforceable by any court of competent jurisdiction, the remaining portion(s) shall remain and be in full force and effect.
12. Definitions
a. The term "Absentee Bid" shall mean all Bids placed via any communication including: mail, phone, fax, email and website.
b. The term "Auction" shall mean an auction or consignment sale authorized and conducted under the auspices of "EAHA" and under these General Terms and Conditions.
c. The term "Auction Date" shall mean the date the Auction is conducted or consignment item is sold.
d. The term "Auctioneer" shall mean an individual(s) duly licensed and/or employee designated by "EAHA" to conduct the Auction or any Sale.
e. The term "Bid" shall mean a bona fide Bid made by a "Bidder" which is officially acknowledged and accepted by the Auctioneer at the Auction on the Auction Date.
f. The term "Bidder" shall mean an individual or entity that submits a legally binding and bona fide Bid to the Auctioneer at the Auction or any direct buyer either physical or online.
g. The term "Catalog" shall mean the official publication issued by EAHA and transmitted to potential Bidder(s) in advance of the Auction.
h. The term "Cataloguer" shall mean the individual(s) that has described the "Lot(s)" contained in the Catalog for the Auction.
i. "Conservation" the Professional activities including the careful examination as supported by expertise, research and education, in treatment of an item using, "any methods that prove effective in keeping or bringing that property in as close to its original condition as possible, for as long as possible."
j. The term "Consignment Agreement" shall mean the written agreement(s) between "EAHA" and a given "Consignor" available at "EAHA's" offices.
k. The term "Consignor" shall mean the owner of the "Merchandise" offered for sale by "Lot" at the Auction.
l. The term "Description" shall mean the written remarks describing the features of a Lot combined with the corresponding photograph of said Lot.
m. The term "www.EarlyAmerican.com" shall mean the Internet accessible service provided by EAHA.
n. The term "EAHA" shall mean collectively Early American History Auctions, Inc. and/or any subsidiary or affiliated entity and/or Officer(s), Director(s) and/or employee(s) of EAHA.
o. The term "Fair Market Value" shall mean the sale price a given Lot is expected by the Cataloguer to realize at the Auction from the Bidder(s).
p. The term "Hammer Price" shall mean the successful Bid in the Auction as determined by the Auctioneer on the Auction Date.
q. The term "Holder" shall mean the original frame, container, case or clear plastic sleeve, labeled with the "Lot" number, in which the "Merchandise" is delivered by the Consignor to the successful Bidder at an Auction.
r. The term "Lot(s)" shall mean the article(s) comprising the Merchandise offered for sale at the Auction.
s. The term "Low Estimate" shall mean the low range of the sale price that a Lot is expected by the Cataloguer to realize at the Auction.
t. The term "Merchandise" shall mean personal property described in the Catalog and offered for sale by Lot at the Auction.
u. The term "Purchaser" shall mean the successful Bidder at the Auction on the Auction Date.
v. The term "Purchaser's Premium" shall mean the commission that is automatically charged by "EAHA" to each successful Bidder at the Auction in a sum equal to twenty percent (20%) of the "Hammer Price" or twenty-five percent (25%) of the "Hammer Price" if bids are placed through a third party firm including Invaluable.com, LiveAuctioneers.com and iCollector.com.
w. The term "Reserve" is a confidential price below which the Auctioneer will not sell a given Lot, and/or will re-purchase on behalf of the Consignor or EAHA.
x. The term "Settlement Date" shall mean a time forty-five (45) days after the Auction Date.