190

THE ARMOR OF SAHIB GIRAY II, KHAN OF CRIMEA

Currency:USD Category:Collectibles Start Price:100,000.00 USD Estimated At:200,000.00 - 250,000.00 USD
THE ARMOR OF SAHIB GIRAY II, KHAN OF CRIMEA
Auctions Imperial is pleased to announce our 2013 sale, to be held March 16 at the Crowne Plaza Hotel, Timonium, Maryland. Over 300 lots of choice antique arms and armor including armor, helmets, shields, swords, daggers, battleaxes, maces, halberds, matchlocks, flintlocks and percussion pieces will be offered. Our fine selection for 2013 includes broadswords, baskethilts, shamshirs, shashkas, palas, kindjals, khanjars, tulwars and spears, as well as chain mail and breastplates. This sale will also include important swords and daggers from the Greek War of Independence and the armor of the K...
Comprising the helmet, coat of mail, gauntlets and armguards of Sahib II Giray, Khan of Crimea (r. 1771-1775 c.e.) The exceptionally long mail coif (54 cm from brow to end) is forged of rings of flattened triangular section closed with pyramidal rivets, as is characteristic of the region. Set into the coif just below the brow are 10 rectangular iron plates covered in engraved, chiseled and gilded silver, decorated en suite with the helmet's mounts. The helmet itself is composed of three elements, the browband, skull, and peak. The skull is forged from a single steel plate of hemispherical section, likely of Ottoman origin dating c. 1600 c.e., with remnants of gold inlay in geometrical and floral motifs. The browband is wrought of a broad plate of silver which closely fits the curve of the skull and is secured by four small rivets; both it and the skull are pierced around the periphery to retain the mail coif. The browband is highly decorated with engraving, embossing and gilding; the decorative motifs consist of the characteristic Circassian running vine border. This fills virtually the entire width of the browband and is made up of alternately-connected leaves, each composed of a long, curvilinear limb and a short, curled limb. At the center of each quadrant of the browband is a silver plaque, for a total of four; each contains an Arabic inscription in thuluth script, executed in niello. They read as follows: Front: HE WHO CHANGES SITUATIONS SAID, [God doth not burden a soul] BEYOND ITS SCOPE (Qur'an, Sura II: 286) Left (facing): THE BEST SPEECH IS THAT WHICH IS SHORT AND TO THE POINT Rear: SON [descendent] OF ABU QANBAR [and] UGLU BEY MIRZA, MAY GOD FORGIVE THEM Right (FACING): SAHIB GIRAY, POSSESSOR OF THE PURE CROWN The peak is likewise fabricated of silver, conical in form, and decorated en suite with the browband; the terminal consists of a conical plinth surmounted by a thick ring with a pronounced central ridge and a horizontal aperture. In use, the helmet would have been padded sufficiently to bring the opening of the coif level with the wearer's brow. The coat is of the highest quality, with rings wrought en suite with the camail, forming a set with the helmet. With characteristic overlapping closure at the throat and half sleeves; the collar retains its engraved, silvered clasp. The gauntlets composed of a pair of elbow-length leather cuffs with embroidered edges, terminating in mail covers for the hands, with woven loops on the reverse through which the fingers pass, retained by a series of profiled steel plaques on the obverse. The steel armguards, likewise earlier Ottoman work, retain much original engraving, the embossed and gilt silver mounts date to their remounting. One plate inscribed along the edge, OWNER AND LORD QABLAN GIRAY IBN AHMAD GIRAY'. Likely given to Sahib II as a gift by Qablan Giray, his brother. (Qablan Giray served as Nurettin or Grand Vizier of the Crimea, probably under Kirim Khan [r.1768-69 c.e.]) Mid-18th century. Minor wear throughout, very slight losses to mail, wrist-plates lacking. The Khans of the Crimea represented the longest established Chinggisid dynasty (through patrilineal descent from Toqa Timur, thirteenth son of Jochi, first son of Chinggis Khan,) derived from and succeeding the Golden Horde in Western Asia. The Crimean Khanate rivaled the Ottoman and Imperial Russian states in power and status from the 15th to the end of the 18th century; the Ottomans referred to the Crimean Khan as the Sovereign of Two Continents and Khakhan of Two Seas. Sahib II is reported to have been an accomplished warrior though a quiet man, who spent much of his life among the Circassians prior to becoming Khan. His tenure came at a time of great territorial struggles between Imperial Russia and the Ottoman Empire, culminating in the Russo-Turkish War of 1768-1774. Though the Treaty of Kucuk Kaynarca declared the Crimea independent, foreign agents abounded in Bahcesaray, the capital. Russia strongly urged the Khanate toward suzerainty, a near fait accompli, given the close proximity of its troops and artillery, while the Ottoman Empire, substantially weakened, could argue only religious unity. Sahib II found himself pinched between the two great powers; a document in the Archives of the Topkapi Palace Museum, Istanbul, regarding the expedition of Canikli 'Ali Pasha to an island near Taman, reveals him as a sophisticated and capable politician who managed to keep both the Sublime Porte and St. Petersburg at bay by playing one against the other. At the end of his reign, Sahib II Giray was summoned to the Sublime Porte, where he was welcomed and given a generous pension by Sultan Abdulhamid I. He eventually retired to his properties in present-day Bulgaria. Overall height of helmet including camail 72 cm. Condition II